Designing Hydrogel-Based Bone-On-Chips for Personalized Medicine

The recent development of bone-on-chips (BOCs) holds the main advantage requiring a low quantity cells and material, compared to traditional In Vitro models. By incorporating hydrogels within BOCs, culture system moved three dimensional environment for which is more representative bone tissue matrix function. fundamental components hydrogel-based namely cellular sources, hydrogel chamber, have been tuned mimic hematopoietic niche in aspirate marrow, cancer metastasis osteo/chondrogenic differentiation. this review, we examine entire process developing BOCs model patient specific situation. First, provide biological understanding design then how structural mechanical properties can be meet those requirements. This followed by review on developed last 10 years, terms chamber design, cell source used. Finally, guidelines definition personalized pathological physiological microenvironments. covers information bone, BOC that are required develop therapies disease, recreating clinically relevant scenarii miniaturized devices.